THVD2410DR is an industrial-grade RS-485/RS-422 differential transceiver developed by Texas Instruments (TI). It is engineered for reliable data communication in harsh industrial environments, boasting strong noise immunity, robust fault protection, and low power consumption. It is widely applied in scenarios demanding stable long-distance differential signal transmission, such as industrial automation and process control. Below is a detailed description of its core characteristics:

1. Core Functions & Key Features

Dual Protocol Compatibility: Supports both RS-485 (half-duplex, multi-node) and RS-422 (full-duplex, point-to-point/multi-drop) standards, enabling flexible adaptation to diverse industrial communication topologies.

Wide Power Supply Range: Operates on a single 3.3V power supply (with a range of 3.0V to 3.6V), matching the power requirements of modern low-power microcontrollers (MCUs) and industrial chips, thus eliminating the need for complex voltage conversion.

High Data Rate: Supports a maximum data rate of 2.5Mbps, striking a balance between communication speed and signal integrity, making it suitable for real-time industrial control systems like PLC-to-sensor data transmission.

Superior Fault Protection:

ESD Protection: Complies with the IEC 61000-4-2 standard, providing ±15kV contact discharge and ±25kV air discharge protection for bus pins (A/B), preventing damage from electrostatic discharge in dry industrial environments.

Bus Overvoltage Protection: Withstands ±18V overvoltage on the differential bus (A/B), safeguarding the chip against transient voltage spikes caused by power surges or wiring errors.

Short-Circuit Protection: Prevents damage when bus pins (A/B) are shorted to VCC, GND, or each other, and supports hot-plugging of bus nodes.

Low Power Consumption:

In normal operation, the typical supply current is only 3.5mA in transmit mode and 3.2mA in receive mode, reducing overall system power consumption.

Triggered via the SHDN (shutdown) pin, the chip enters an ultra-low power shutdown mode with a typical current of 10nA, ideal for battery-powered or energy-saving industrial devices.

High Noise Immunity: Features a high common-mode rejection ratio (CMRR) of 60dB (at 50Hz/60Hz), effectively suppressing common-mode noise in industrial sites (such as interference from motors and power cables) to ensure stable data transmission.

2. Electrical Specifications

The THVD2410DR operates with a single power supply ranging from 3.0V to 3.6V, with 3.3V as the typical voltage. It supports a maximum data rate of 2.5Mbps, suitable for real-time communication scenarios. The operating temperature range is -40°C to +85°C, meeting the requirements of industrial-grade applications in harsh on-site environments. It can support up to 32 nodes (in compliance with the RS-485 standard, with expandability via repeaters). The differential output voltage is a minimum of ±1.5V at a 50Ω load, ensuring sufficient signal strength for long-distance transmission. The bus pins (A/B) offer ESD protection of ±15kV (contact discharge) and ±25kV (air discharge) according to the IEC 61000-4-2 standard. In shutdown mode, the typical current is 10nA. It comes in an 8-pin SOIC (Small Outline Integrated Circuit) package with the "DR" suffix, featuring a narrow body (3.9mm width) that is suitable for high-density PCB layouts.

3. Operating Modes

The THVD2410DR supports three core operating modes, controlled by the DE (Driver Enable) and RE (Receiver Enable) pins (note: DE and RE are often tied together for half-duplex RS-485 operation):

Transmit Mode (TX): Triggered when DE = HIGH and RE = HIGH. In this mode, the chip converts the single-ended TTL/CMOS input signal (from the MCU's UART_TX) into a differential signal, which is then output to the RS-485 bus via pins A and B.

Receive Mode (RX): Activated when DE = LOW and RE = LOW. Here, the chip receives differential signals from the RS-485 bus (via A/B pins), converts them into single-ended TTL/CMOS signals, and outputs them to the MCU's UART_RX.

Shutdown Mode: Initiated when the SHDN pin is set to LOW. In this mode, the driver and receiver circuits are disabled, the bus pins (A/B) enter a high-impedance state, and the supply current drops to 10nA, making it suitable for power-saving or system standby scenarios.

4. Typical Application Scenarios

The THVD2410DR is designed for communication in industrial and harsh environments, with typical applications including:

Industrial Automation: Facilitating communication between PLCs (Programmable Logic Controllers), DCS (Distributed Control Systems), and field devices such as sensors and actuators in factories.

Process Control: Enabling long-distance data transmission in chemical, petroleum, and pharmaceutical production lines, where it resists high noise and voltage spikes.

Building Automation: Supporting bus communication in HVAC (heating, ventilation, and air conditioning) systems, lighting controls, and access control panels.

Smart Grid: Assisting in data collection and transmission for smart meters, power distribution terminals, and substation monitoring devices.

Instrumentation: Ensuring communication between industrial meters (e.g., pressure gauges, flow meters) and host computers for accurate data upload.