The STM32F103RCT6 you chose is a classic model in the STM32F1 series, widely used in embedded development and highly representative! The STM32F103RCT6 is a 32-bit microcontroller (MCU) based on the ARM Cortex-M3 core, which focuses on high performance and cost-effectiveness, making it suitable for mid-to-high-end embedded project development.

1. Core and Clock Speed

Core Architecture: Adopts the ARM Cortex-M3 core, supporting the Thumb-2 instruction set to balance performance and code density.

Maximum Clock Speed: 72MHz, which can provide 1.25 DMIPS/MHz computing performance at this clock speed, meeting the needs of most control scenarios.

Operating Temperature: Industrial-grade standard, ranging from -40℃ to 85℃, suitable for applications in complex environments.

2. Memory Configuration

Memory is the core for MCUs to run programs and cache data. The configuration of this model is as follows:

Flash (Program Memory): 256KB, used to store user programs, firmware, etc., supporting In-System Programming (ISP) and In-Application Programming (IAP).

RAM (Data Memory): 48KB, used for runtime data caching and variable storage, meeting the needs of multi-tasking or data processing.

3. Core Peripheral Resources

The richness of peripherals directly determines the application scenarios of MCUs. The key peripherals of this model are as follows:

GPIO (General-Purpose Input/Output): A total of 51 configurable GPIO pins, supporting push-pull/open-drain output and pull-up/pull-down input. Some pins can be multiplexed for peripheral functions.

Communication Interfaces:

UART (Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter): 5 units, supporting hardware flow control (RTS/CTS), which can be used for serial communication, debugging, etc.

SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface): 2 units, supporting master/slave modes with a maximum speed of 18MHz, suitable for connecting sensors, displays, etc.

I2C (Inter-Integrated Circuit): 2 units, supporting multi-master/slave modes with a speed of up to 400kHz (fast mode), used for short-distance low-speed communication.

USB 2.0 Full-Speed Interface: 1 unit (supporting Device mode), enabling USB communication and data transmission.

Timers: A total of 8 timers, including 4 general-purpose timers (16-bit), 2 advanced timers (16-bit, supporting PWM complementary output), and 2 basic timers (16-bit), which can be used for timing, PWM generation, pulse counting, etc.

ADC/DAC:

12-bit ADC: 1 unit, supporting 16 analog input channels (including 2 internal channels: temperature sensor and reference voltage) with a maximum sampling rate of 1MHz.

12-bit DAC: 2 channels, which can output analog voltages for signal generation, closed-loop control, etc.

DMA Controller: 1 12-channel DMA, supporting data transmission between peripherals and memory, and between memory and memory, reducing the burden on the CPU.

4. Package and Power Supply

Package Type: LQFP64 (Low Profile Quad Flat Package) with a pin pitch of 0.5mm, facilitating PCB design and soldering.

Supply Voltage: Wide voltage range of 2.0V to 3.6V, supporting multiple power supply methods such as lithium batteries and linear power supplies, suitable for portable devices.

Power Consumption Modes: Supports three low-power modes (sleep, stop, and standby). The current in standby mode can be as low as 2μA, making it suitable for low-power scenarios.

5. Typical Application Scenarios

With balanced performance and peripherals, this chip is widely used in the following fields:

Industrial Control: Motor drives, PLCs, data acquisition modules.

Smart Hardware: Smart home controllers, sensor nodes.

Consumer Electronics: Portable devices, small household appliance control boards.

Communication Devices: USB-to-serial modules, main controllers for wireless modules (such as WiFi and Bluetooth).